Bunaken National Park

Bunaken National Park is representative of Indonesian tropical water ecosystems consisting of mangrove ecosystems, seagrass beds, coral reefs, and land / coastal ecosystems.

In the northern part consists of the island of Bunaken, Manado Tua island, island Montehage, Siladen island, the island of Nain, Nain island is small, and some coastal areas of Cape Pisok. While in the Southern Cape coast includes some coconut.

Potential land islands national park is rich in species of palm, sago, woka, silar and coconut. Animal species that live on land and coastal regions such as Sulawesi black macaques (Macaca nigra nigra), deer (Cervus timorensis Russa), and possum (Ailurops ursinus ursinus).

Plant species in the mangroves of Bunaken National Park namely Rhizophora sp., Sonneratia sp., Lumnitzera sp., And Bruguiera sp. The forest is rich with various types of crabs, shrimp, mollusks and various types of sea birds such as gulls, herons, sea virgin, and cangak sea.

Types of algae found in this national park include the type of Caulerpa sp., Halimeda sp., And Padina sp. Seagrass Montehage dominated mainly on the island, and the island of Thalassia hemprichii Nain, Enhallus acoroides and Thalassodendron ciliatum.

Recorded 13 genera of corals living in waters of Bunaken National Park, dominated by fringing reefs and coral reef barrier. The most interesting is the vertical cliffs as far as 25-50 meters.

Approximately 91 species of fish found in the waters of Bunaken National Park, including fish gusumi horse (Hippocampus horse), white oci (Seriola rivoliana), lolosi yellow tail (Lutjanus kasmira), goropa (Ephinephelus spilotoceps and Pseudanthias hypselosoma), ila trunk (Scolopsis bilineatus) , and others.

Types of mollusks like giant clams (Tridacna gigas), goat head (Cassis cornuta), hollow nautilus (Nautilus pompillius), and tunikates / ascidian.

The best visiting season: May / August each year.

How to reach the location: Bunaken National Park can be reached through the Port of Manado, Marina Nusantara Diving Centre (NDC) in the District of Molas and Marina Blue Banter. From Manado harbor by boat to the island Siladen motors can be reached + 20 minutes + 30 minutes Bunaken island, island Montehage + 50 minutes and +60 minutes Nain island. From Blue Banter Marina with a boat cruise is available to the tourist area on the island of Bunaken are within 10-15 minutes, while the port of NDC to the location of the dive at Bunaken island by speed boat to within + 20 minutes.

Wakatobi Island National Park

Wakatobi National Park has an area of ​​approximately 1,39 million HA have the potential of marine natural resources of great value, both species and uniqueness, which presents amazing underwater panorama. In general, the waters have configurations ranging from flat, sloping towards the sea, and bertubir steep. Varying water depths up to 1044 meters with bottom waters mostly sandy and rocky. The park consists of four major islands, namely Wangi-scented, Kaledupa, Tomia, and Binongko located in Wakatobi, Southeast Sulawesi.

In 1994, some people in the team conducted a survey in the Wakatobi IPB. From the results of the survey revealed that they did, that there is a diversified natural Wakatobi underwater, such as coral reefs and various marine animals. region presents a panoramic underwater so charming and very nice as a diving spot. After carefully studying the IPB team's findings, the Minister of Forestry in 1996 issued a decree that sets No.393/Kpts-V/1996 Wakatobi as a national park.

In the park there are panoramic beauty of the underwater world with 25 pieces of coral reef. Coral reef can be found about 112 kinds of 13 families located on 25 points along 600 km of coastline. In addition to the beauty that is presented by the diverse coral reefs, the park also has a variety of fish species. Fish species richness national park is owned by 93 species of fish and ornamental fish trade consumption.

In addition there are several types of sea birds such as geese brown stone, Malay plover, king prawns Eurasia. There are also types of turtles that often landed on islands in the national park hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata), loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta), and fission turtle (Lepidochelys olivacea).

Normally, sperm whales were also in Wakatobi in November, while the other hemisphere freezes. In the relatively warmer waters of Wakatobi and abundant feed the whales could be filling the stomach. At that moment, the sea monster assembled. Why is it called the sea monster? Because sperm whale with characteristics similar to sperm-shaped white dots on the head was included in the order Cetacea, which in Greek means the sea monster.

In addition to sperm whales, Wakatobi waters are also inhabited by other sea monsters. For example, manta rays (Manta ray) are classified as body size and shape as a giant sea monster. Manta is one of the distinctive and unique fish, which is only found in tropical waters.

For tourists who love the beauty of the underwater to do some activities in Wakatobi National Park, such as diving, snorkeling and swimming to see the beautiful coral reef and colorful fish dancing and also witnessed various cultural communities.

Hoga Island (Resort Kaledupa), Binongko Island (Resort Binongko) Tamia and Resort is an attractive location worth visiting, especially for diving, snorkeling, marine tourism, swimming, camping, and cultural tourism.

To reach the site, visitors can go from Kendari to smells with regular fast boat that operates twice daily, with a journey time of five hours or every day with a timber ship for 12 hours. Of smells to Lasalimu visitors can ride four-wheeled vehicle for two hours, then climb aboard the fast-Wanci Lasalimu for an hour or timber ships Lasalimu-Wanci for 2.5 hours. Wanci is the first gate to enter the Wakatobi National Park.

Prambanan Temple

This temple is the full form of elegance and is known as one of Indonesia's cultural icons. Prambanan is the largest Hindu temple in Southeast Asia.

It is not far from Borobudur like to point out to you about the harmony between the Buddhists and Hindus in Java not only in the past but also the present.

The temple is known by locals as Jonggrang, has a legend. That long ago there was a young man who was very powerful and the powerful who want to marry a beautiful princess named Roro Jonggrang. The king is also the father of the princess was forced to marry Bondowoso, Roro Jonggrang did not love him but can not resist. After going through the thought being that long, he finally gave one condition to Bondowoso to build 1000 temples and promised to marry him if terms could be completed before dawn.

Roro Jonggrang requested that the work is completed before the cock crows he thought of as something that is impossible. But the magic Bondowoso nearly 999 temples can complete with the help of jinns and strength. Roro Jonggrang also asked the women in the village to start hitting the chicken rice that woke up and began to crow. Bondowoso very disappointed with the treatment Jonggrang, then transform into rock Jonggrang now known as Prambanan temple, while the temple in the vicinity called the Thousand Sewu or temple.

Temple was built the 9th century, dedicated to the god Shiva, the destroyer, and two in each side dedicated to Lord Brahma, the creator god, and the god Vishnu, the god of keepers. The tallest temple tower as high as 47 meters among other temples in the vicinity.

Prambanan was rediscovered by a Dutch citizen named CA Lons in 1733 after hundreds of years of neglect. This temple has undergone restoration and is now known as the Prambanan Hindu temple in Indonesia, the most beautiful.

The beauty and complexity of the architecture of Prambanan Temple as a very charming building crowned as world heritage site by UNESCO in 1991.

Borobodur Temple

Borobodur Temple is the largest Buddhist monument in the world. Built in the time of King Samaratungga of Sailendra Dynasty in the year 824. Borobudur was built 300 years before Angkor Wat in Cambodia and 400 years before the grand cathedrals of Europe. Borobudur has a 123x123 m² with 504 statues of Buddha, 72 and 1 overlay stupa stupa. Form beraksitektur Gupta temple that reflects the influence of India. After a visit here you will understand why Borobudur has an attraction for visitors and is an icon of Indonesia's cultural heritage. This temple as if a giant puzzle that is composed of 2 million blocks of volcanic stone, carved in such a way as to interlock with each other.

International agencies of the UN that UNESCO recognized once praised as one of the Borobudur Buddhist monument in the world. In this temple there are 2672 relief panels which when compiled lined the length is 6 km. Ensemble relief is the most comprehensive in the world and an unparalleled artistic value and every scene is a complete masterpiece.

Since the mid-ninth century to the early 11th century, Borobudur become a Buddhist pilgrim from China, India, Tibet, and Cambodia. Borobudur Temple became one of the most important historical trail in the development of human civilization. The splendor and grandeur of the architecture Borobudur is the world treasures and priceless awesome.

Borobudur consists of 1460 relief panels and 504 stupas. However, panels that are seen apparently incomplete because there were 160 panels were intentionally dumped because relief is considered vulgar and obscene. The panels were located on the bottom, contains scenes Karmawibhangga Sutra (causation). There is also a state that hoarding bottom to strengthen the foundation from the beginning found to have very damaged.

Borobudur Temple was built during the 75 years under the leadership of architect Gunadarma with 60,000 cubic meters of volcanic rock and Progo Elo River, located about 2 km east of the temple. When the metric system was not yet known and the unit of length used to build the temple of Borobudur is a tuning that is calculated by spreading your thumb and middle finger or measure the length of the hair from the forehead to the base of the chin.

Based on the inscriptions Karangtengah and Kahulunan, historian JG de Casparis estimate Borobudur is the founder of the dynasty king of ancient Mataram dynasty named Samaratungga, and building this temple around 824 AD The giant new building could be completed at the time of her daughter, Queen Pramudawardhani. Borobudur Development is expected to take half a century.

Initially, the temple was thought to be a place of worship. J.G. de Casparis estimates that Bhūmi Sambhāra Bhudhāra ra in Sanskrit which means" Hill set ten levels boddhisattwa virtues ", was the original name of Borobudur. Some historians also stated that Borobudur name is derived from the Sanskrit "Vihara Buddha Uhr" which means "Buddhist monastery on the Mount".

The temple is located in Central Java, on a hilltop overlooking lush rice fields between hills tenuous. Coverage area is very large, measuring 123 x 123 meters. Borobudur temple apparently was built on top of an ancient lake. First, the area is the estuary of the various streams. Because lava buried sediments then become plain. At the end of the eighth century, King Samaratungga of Sailendra dynasty built Borobudur Temple which then led architect named Gunadharma hinggga completion of the year 746 Saka or 824 AD. This monument is a stunning Buddhist architecture and the second largest after the Ankor Wat temple in Cambodia.

The building area is 15,129 m² Borobudur, composed of 55,000 m³ of stone, consisting of 2 million pieces of rocks. The average stone size 25 x 10 x 15 cm. Long pieces of stone the whole 500 km with a stone total weight of 1.3 million tonnes. The walls of Borobudur Temple surrounded by pictures or relief which is a series of stories in 1460 terususun panel. The length of each panel is 2 feet. So if a series of reliefs that stretched the length of approximately 3 km relief totaled. The temple has 10 levels, with 1-6 levels of a square, while the round 7-10. Contained statues around the temple amounted to 504 pieces. Meanwhile, the high temple of the soil surface to the tip of the main stupa was 42 meters, 34.5 meters but now lives after being struck by lightning. The top part at the level of the 10 there are great stupa 9.90 m in diameter, with a height of 7 m.

Borobudur temple like building a pyramid of Cheops at Gizeh Egypt, difference, Borobudur has kepunden staircase pattern. Architecture and building stone temple is really unparalleled. This temple was built without using cement. The structure as a whole row of lego that is concurrent to one another and no glue at all. Sir Thomas Stanford Raffles discovered Borobudur in 1814 in a damaged condition and ordered that the site be cleaned and studied thoroughly. The existence of Borobudur in fact has been known to the local population in the 18th century which were previously buried material of Mount Merapi.

Borobudur restoration project on a large scale and then starting from 1905 until 1910. With the help of UNESCO, the second restoration to rescue Borobudur was carried out from August 1913 until 1983. The temple has remained strong despite the past ten centuries unkempt. In the 1970s the Indonesian Government and UNESCO worked together to restore the grandeur of Borobudur. Improvements were made take eight years to complete and today Borobudur is one of the wonders and treasures of Indonesia and the world is valuable.

Various disciplines involved in the reconstruction effort undertaken by the Borobudur temple Teodhorus van Erp 1911, Prof. Dr. C. Coremans 1956, and Prof.Ir. Roosseno 1971. We should appreciate their efforts to lead the restoration of the temple because many challenges and difficulties is not easy. Borobudur finally established in 1991 as a World Heritage by UNESCO.

Borobudur temple is decorated with stone carvings in relief representing an overview of the life of Buddha. Archaeologists claim that Borobudur temple has 1460 relief panels along the wall circuits and platforms. Relief is the largest and most complete in the world so that the value of art is unparalleled. The reading of these stories are always the starting relief, and ends on the east side gate at every level. The story starts from the left and right ends at the gate.

This monument is a shrine and pilgrimage places of the Buddha. Level ten temples symbolizing the three divisions of the Buddhist cosmic system. When you start out on their journey through the temple grounds to get to the top, they will pass the three levels of Buddhist cosmology and is essentially a "clone" of the universe according to Buddhist teaching consists of 3 major parts, namely: (1) Kamadhatu or the world of desire; (2) Rupadhatu or shaped the world, and (3) Arupadhatu or formless world. The whole monument itself resembles a giant stupa, but seen from above form a mandala. Great Stupa at the top of the temple is 40 meters above the ground. The main dome is surrounded by 72 Buddha statues inside perforated stupa.

Denpasar Bali

Bali has been a favorite since the first tourist destination both local and foreign tourists. Bali is famous for having beautiful beaches, stunning scenery, interesting souvenirs, as well as custom and exotic culture. Bali is the ideal place for those who want a break from the routine of work or the atmosphere of the city, enjoy the honeymoon, or recreation with family and friends.

The total area of ​​Bali Province is 5636.66 km ² or 0.29% of the territory of the Republic of Indonesia. Administratively, Bali is divided into 9 districts / cities, 55 districts and 701 villages / wards. With a population of 3,890,000 million in 2010, the Balinese are Hindu majority. A total of 93.18% people adhere to Balinese Hinduism, while the rest is converted to Islam, Christianity, and Buddhism.

Bali is also the number one tourist destination in Indonesia. Bali is famous for its works of art ranging from dance, sculpture, painting, leather, metal craft, to musical instruments.

History
Although there are no artifacts or records stating that Bali has been around since the stone age, it is estimated that the first people to stay in Bali emigrated from China in 2500 BC and then develop the culture of the Bronze Age around 300 BC. This culture system also includes irrigation and paddy fields are still used today.

History of Bali is still unclear in the early centuries, although many Hindu artifacts that have been found to lead to the first century. AD 500 is known that the first religion in Bali is Buddhist. In addition, Yi-Tsing a Chinese scholar who visited Bali in 670 AD said that he has seen the development of Buddhism in Bali.

The 11th century, Hindu and Javanese influence is very strong in Bali. Even when my father died in 1011 Airlangga Prince M, he moved to East Java, Bali unite people under one rule and lifting his sister, Son Wungsu became ruler of Bali. Javanese called Kawi specifically used this nobility is one among the many customs and habits of Java used in Bali.

When Airlangga's death in the mid-11th century, Bali remained autonomous until 1284 AD, when King East Java Kertanegara conquered Bali and ruled Bali from Java. Kertanegara killed in 1292 AD and Bali again until independence in 1343 AD when the prime minister Gajah Mada re-conquered from the kingdom of Majapahit.

The 16th century, Islam spread throughout the island of Sumatra and Java, while the Majapahit Empire began to collapse thus causing mass displacement nobility, clergy, artists, and artisans from Java to Bali. However, this then makes Bali prospered and entered the golden age of culture for the next centuries. Lombok and Bali later mastered several areas in East Java.

In 1597, the Netherlands became the European sailors increment ayang come to Bali even though initially they had no interest until the late 1800s. In 1846, the Dutch again attempt to colonize Bali because it has mastered the whole of Indonesia since the 1700s. Dutch then sent troops to the North Bali and in 1894 they besekutu the Sasak people of Lombok to defeat in Bali. In 1911 the Dutch finally managed to master Bali.

After World War I, a sense of nationalism Indonesian society began to grow, and then deliver the Indonesian declaration of a national language in 1928. When World War II, Japanese forces had defeated the Dutch colonized Indonesia from 1942 to 1945. Then Japan lost the war and the Dutch attempted retake Bali and Indonesia. In 1945 Indonesia managed mendaklarasikan independence by the first President Ir. Sukarno. The Dutch government finally bestow authority and the Republic of Indonesia officially recognized as an independent country in 1949.

Transportation
Foreign tourists can visit Bali using a direct flight from the country and landed at Ngurah Rai International Airport.

Air Transportation
• Many direct flights from Europe, America, Australia and most Asian countries.
• Domestic flights to and from major cities in Indonesia landed on one of the busiest airports in Indonesia.

Maritime Transport
• The ferry to or from Java and Lombok is open every day voyage. Port of Gili Manuk liaise with Java Bali. While the port of Padang Bai and Benoa Harbour connecting the island of Bali Lombok.

Land Transportation
• By car or bus from Java or Lombok after crossing by ferry.

Society and Culture
Bali's reputation as a popular tourist destination has been ingrained in the minds of many people around the world. Bali is known as a beautiful island with mountains, temples, royal and the terraced rice fields.

Bali is also known as a place where arts and cultural traditions are very prominent as well as a rustic and Hindu religious life became stronger guidance in daily life.

Bali is a delightful marine tourism ranging from modern sports such as diving, sailing, rafting and surfing can be enjoyed by thousands of tourists every year. This is where you can enjoy a life of luxury from food to spa and massage the peak of perfection for the experience you traveled.

Culinary
As the food of Indonesia, Bali's main food is rice served with small portions, spicy vegetables and seasonings that tastes sharp, and fish or meat and is almost always served with sambal. Bali is one of the few areas in Indonesia where the population of non-Muslims, so pork roll into a special meal. There are also ways to cook duck betutu typical.

In the area of ​​Jimbaran seafood you can eat while sitting on the beach. Visit in the evening with a cool atmosphere and breeze will make you dinner unforgettable.

Tourist agency
Jl. S. No. Parman. 1, Niti Mandala, Denpasar 80235
Tel. (62-361) 235200, 7806200 Fax. (62-361) 235200
www.balitourismauthority.net or http://www.baliprov.go.id/
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